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Occupational Health Statistics Bulletin 2005/06Introduction This Occupational Health Statistics Bulletin sets out the latest picture on work-related ill health in Great Britain. It uses updated statistics from several sources: reports from specialist doctors in The Health and Occupation Reporting network (THOR); claims for disablement benefit under the Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) scheme; death certificates for mesothelioma and other fatal occupational diseases; and detailed figures on self-reported ill health from the 2004/05 Labour Force Survey (LFS).
The bulletin gives an overview of the latest picture on occupational ill health – the numbers involved and the jobs with the highest risks. It also provides links to disease-specific webpages where more detailed analysis can be found. (These statistics do not cover progress against the targets set in Revitalising Health and Safety. Our latest assessment of progress is at www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/targets.htm; this will be updated in November when further data are available – in particular from the 2005/06 LFS).
Updated overview of occupational ill healthEach year over 2 million people suffer from ill health which they think is work-related … Overall, in 2004/05 an estimated 2.0 million people were suffering from an illness which they believed was caused or made worse by their current or past work; 576 thousand of these first became aware of their illness in the past 12 months. These prevalence and incidence estimates come from the Labour Force Survey (LFS), which is our most broadly-based current source but is still not definitive – for example, people may not realise that their ill health is work-related, or may mistakenly think that it is.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/swi/swi0405.pdf [PDF 2.9mb]
… with over 20 thousand new cases each year severe enough to be seen by specialist doctors ... In 2005 an estimated 22 000 new cases were seen by hospital specialists and occupational physicians in The Health and Occupation Reporting network (THOR), while 6500 were assessed as qualifying for compensation under the Department for Work and Pensions’ Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Scheme (IIDB). These sources too give a partial picture. Not all relevant doctors are covered by THOR, while IIDB coverage is limited to those who are aware of the availability of compensation and meet the criteria.
… and several thousand people dying each year from past exposures at work. Current best estimates are that 4% of cancer deaths are due to past exposures at work. This would mean that each year 6000 people (uncertainty range 3000 to 12 000) die from cancer related to occupational factors. HSE acknowledges that these estimates are out of date and work is underway to update them.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/cancer.htm
Based on analysis of death certificates, in 2004 nearly 2000 people died from mesothelioma, a cancer caused mainly by occupational exposure to asbestos, and around as many again from asbestos-related lung cancer. 100 people died from asbestosis and over 200 from other types of pneumoconiosis, mostly associated with coal dust and silica.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/asbestos.htm & www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/coal.htm
Research indicates that approximately 15% of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD – including bronchitis and emphysema) may be work-related. This implies that there could be around 4000 COPD deaths each year resulting from past occupational exposures to fumes, chemicals and dusts.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/copd.htm
Over half of all cases of non-fatal work-related illness are musculoskeletal disorders or stress … In 2004/05, as in previous years, the most common types of work-related illness were musculoskeletal disorders – in particular those affecting the back and upper limbs – and stress and other types of mental illness. These accounted for around three quarters of (LFS) self-reported cases and two thirds of those seen by (THOR) specialist doctors.
… but the total also includes diseases ranging from asthma and dermatitis to vibration white finger and deafness.The other types of ill health with the largest numbers of cases reported by doctors in the THOR network were respiratory diseases (such as asthma) and skin diseases (especially dermatitis). Among cases compensated under the IIDB scheme, the main categories were vibration white finger, carpal tunnel syndrome and respiratory diseases associated with past exposures to asbestos and coal dust. Other occupational diseases which feature in the different sources include deafness and infections.
Jobs with high risks for musculoskeletal disorders include nurses, typists, construction and road workers …Detailed results from the 2004/05 LFS show that health associate professionals (the occupational group which includes nurses), healthcare and related personal services (the occupational group which includes care assistants and home carers) and skilled construction workers and drivers had above average prevalence rates of self-reported musculoskeletal disorders.
According to reports from THOR rheumatologists in 2003-05, the jobs carrying the highest risks of incidence of musculoskeletal disorders were typists, assemblers of vehicles and metal goods, and road construction operatives. The THOR data also show the contributing factors involved: the most commonly reported tasksassociated with work-related musculoskeletal conditions were guiding / holding tools and heavy lifting / carrying / pushing / pulling, each reported in around one fifth of all cases.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/musc.htm
… while education, healthcare and protective service occupations are most at risk for mental ill health.Detailed 2004/05 LFS results show that teaching professionals, health and social welfare associate professionals (a group including nurses) and corporate managers had higher than average prevalence rates of self-reported stress, depression or anxiety.
THOR consultant psychiatrists reported UK armed forces personnel, medical practitioners, police and prison officers as the occupations with the highest incidence rates of work-related mental ill health in 2003-05. The most commonly reported precipitating factors for THOR cases of work-related mental ill-healthwere work pressure and inter-personal difficulties, each mentioned in connection with around a quarter of cases.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/stress.htm
The riskiest jobs for occupational asthma, contact dermatitis and infections involve exposures to specifiic substances …Moulders / core makers / die casters, vehicle spray painters and bakers / flour confectioners had the highest estimated incidence rates for occupational asthma in 2003-05, based on reports from THOR respiratory physicians. Reports from dermatologists showed hairdressers / barbers, chemical operatives, glass / ceramics operatives and beauticians with the highest rates for contact dermatitis. For occupational infections, care assistants / home carers had by far the highest rate.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/asthma.htm & www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/skin.htm & www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/infect.htm
... while the highest rates of Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome and occupational deafness are in industries with greatest historical use of power tools and noisy machinery. The industry group with by far the highest rate of new claims for vibration white finger assessed for compensation under the IIDB is extraction, energy and water supply – specifically coal mining (where the rate is affected by the contracting numbers in the industry and greater awareness of the possibility of claiming compensation). For noise-induced deafness, the highest rates were in this industry along with manufacturing and construction.
See www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/vibrate.htm & www.hse.gov.uk/statistics/causdis/noise.htm |
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发表于 2007-1-4 03:34