高温作业的安全

西澳阿杜

我小的时候经常给我母亲揉头，因为她每天下地回家都会喊头疼，那个时候也不知道为什么她头老疼。
自从了解到高温作业对人体的危害以后，我经常对我女儿讲的一句话就是"你想想人体70%都是水分组成的，你不喝水，各种组织器官都将无法正常工作，这个时候你就会生病，首先就是头疼“。我其实也记不得70%是哪里看到的一个数据，反正糊弄孩子是够用了。
对于工作场所的高温管理，我在国内的时候知道企业有高温补贴，温度超过39度（？）就不能从事室外作业等，仅此而已。
后来接触到大量的高温疲劳培训，现在回想起来，母亲那个时候在田间劳作，顶着那么大的太阳，也没有见带她有水壶什么。她头疼的最直接原因应该身体中的水分补充不足，而且加上无法得到很好的休息。
澳洲的安全管理中有一个重要的内容就是对Heat Stress 的管理，下面的内容是西澳安全部门网站上的一篇。

The dangers of working inhigh heat environments

Itmight start out with an increase in sweating, before feeling dizzy andsuffering from cramps. Suddenly you're experiencing extreme weakness, nausea, aheadache and a weak rapid pulse.

Yourbody is under heat stress and without intervention you could be heading towardsheat stroke.

Departmentof Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety’s Director Mines Safety Andrew Chaplynsaid the extremes of Western Australia's climate means that heat stress is asignificant risk that needs to be managed across the State's mining andexploration operations.

"Supervisorsand workers need to understand the risks and symptoms of heat stress. Workersshould report any signs of heat stress to a supervisor," Mr Chaplyn said.

"Heatstroke can cause permanent damage to the brain and other vital organs, and caneven result in death.

"Itis critical that urgent medical treatment is sought for anyone suspected ofsuffering heat-related illness."

Someof the key risk factors for workers are:

• High temperatures and/orhumidity
• Radiant heat from hotsurfaces
• Hot work processes (e.g.welding, work near furnaces/kilns/boilers etc.)
• Lack of hydration
• High work rate andstrenuous physical exertion
• Working without recoverybreaks
• Lack of acclimatization
• Work where heavy personalprotective equipment (PPE) is required
• Personal risk factors(e.g. age, physical fitness, medical conditions, drug/alcohol use).
  Someof the measures that can be taken in order to minimize the possibility orlikelihood of heat stress could include:
  Employers
  
  

• Not exposing workers tothe extremes of heat so far as is practicable
• Isolating sources ofheat, so far as is practicable, through shielding, containment and remotehandling techniques
• Adopting safe workpractices and appropriate administrative procedures such as job rotation andfrequent breaks.
  Managersand supervisors
  
  

• Ensuring workers aretrained to recognize early symptoms of heat stress
• Providing detailed safework practices that identify the hazards and controls for working in hot andhumid conditions and ensure controls are implemented
• Adjusting work outputexpectations acknowledging the difference in acclimatization between workers.
  "Addedto this danger is the fact that many mining operations are in remote areas inWestern Australia where medical assistance is not easily available," MrChaplyn said.
  "Thisis especially the case for exploration work and travel between minesites."
  
  

zc821430633

学习了，谢谢

茶叶鱼

感谢楼主分享